Description

The Kyleena IUD, developed by Bayer, is a levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine device designed for long-term, reversible contraception. With an active ingredient of 19.5 mg of levonorgestrel, it offers effective birth control for up to five years. This device provides a reliable option for those seeking a low-maintenance contraceptive method.

Mechanism of Action

Kyleena works by gradually releasing levonorgestrel directly into the uterus. This process thickens cervical mucus, inhibiting sperm movement and altering the uterine lining to prevent implantation. These actions collectively reduce the likelihood of pregnancy.

Insertion and Removal

• Professional Procedure: Insertion and removal are conducted by a healthcare professional during an office visit.
• Self-Check: The device includes strings that are trimmed to allow users to perform monthly self-checks to ensure proper placement.
• Removal Considerations: If the threads are not visible, removal may require imaging or special equipment.

Usage Guidelines

• Prescription Only: Kyleena is available by prescription and is not intended for home use or self-insertion.
• STI Protection: It does not protect against HIV/AIDS or other sexually transmitted infections.
• Backup Contraception: Depending on the timing of insertion, additional contraception may be necessary.
• Follow-Up: A follow-up examination is recommended 4–6 weeks post-insertion, with annual check-ups thereafter.

Common Side Effects

Users may experience side effects such as:

• Headaches
• Abdominal or pelvic pain
• Changes in menstrual bleeding
• Acne
• Breast tenderness
• Nausea

These symptoms are generally manageable, but users should consult with their healthcare provider if they have concerns.

Serious Side Effects

Though rare, serious side effects can occur, including:

• Uterine perforation
• Device expulsion
• Pelvic inflammatory disease

Immediate medical attention is advised if severe symptoms arise.

Contraindications

Kyleena should not be used by individuals with:

• Known or suspected pregnancy
• Unexplained uterine bleeding
• Active pelvic infections
• Certain types of cancer

Precautions

Special care is needed for those who are breastfeeding or have recently given birth, as the risk of uterine perforation may be higher. If pregnancy occurs while using Kyleena, prompt medical consultation is crucial due to potential complications.

Breastfeeding and Interactions

Levonorgestrel may pass into breast milk, but no adverse effects on breastfed children have been reported. Users should inform their healthcare provider if they are breastfeeding. Additionally, some medications, particularly blood thinners, may interact with Kyleena.

Monitoring and Maintenance

Regular self-checks for the device threads and scheduled follow-ups with a healthcare provider are essential to ensure the device remains properly positioned and effective. Removal should always be performed by a healthcare professional to avoid complications.